Robot is an intelligent machine that can work semi autonomously or fully autonomously. It has the basic functions of perception, decision-making and execution. It can assist or even replace human beings to complete dangerous, heavy and complex work, improve work efficiency and quality, and serve human life. In the construction industry, robots in related processes have appeared in the processes of measurement, floor cleaning, ground leveling, ground troweling, basement troweling, ceiling polishing, indoor spraying, garage spraying, etc., providing new solutions to the problems of labor shortage, high safety risk, slow construction speed, unstable construction precision and so on.

Manipulator is the most widely used automatic mechanical device in the field of industrial robot technology. It can be seen in the fields of industrial manufacturing, medical treatment, entertainment services, military, semiconductor manufacturing and space exploration. Compared with the robot in a broad sense, the manipulator condenses all motion modes into three types - telescopic, rotating and lifting, which greatly reduces the development difficulty and production cost.