AC-DC controller is an electronic device or circuit that converts alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), widely used in various situations that require DC power supply. The following is a detailed classification of AC-DC controllers:
1、 Classified by control method
PWM (Pulse Width Modulation) control
Principle: Control the output voltage by adjusting the conduction time (duty cycle) of the switch tube.
Features: High output voltage accuracy, fast dynamic response, suitable for occasions requiring high-precision voltage stabilization.
Application: fields such as consumer electronics and communication devices.
PFM (Pulse Frequency Modulation) control
Principle: Adjust the output voltage by changing the switching frequency.
Features: It can effectively reduce power consumption and improve efficiency in light load or standby mode.
Application: Chargers, adapters, and other applications that require energy-saving design.
PWM/PFM hybrid control
Principle: Combining the advantages of PWM and PFM, automatically switching control modes according to load conditions.
Features: It can ensure the accuracy of output voltage while optimizing efficiency and standby power consumption.
Application: In situations where high efficiency and accuracy are required.
2、 Classified by topological structure
Flyback controller
Principle: Adopting transformer isolation design, energy is transmitted through magnetic coupling of the transformer.
Features: Simple structure, low cost, suitable for occasions that require safe isolation.
Applications: chargers, adapters, LED drivers, etc.
Forward controller
Principle: Directly transfer energy and achieve voltage conversion through inductive energy storage and release.
Features: High efficiency, high output power, suitable for high-power applications.
Application: Industrial power supply, communication equipment, etc.
Push Pull Controller
Principle: Use two switching tubes to work alternately and transfer energy through magnetic coupling of the transformer.
Features: Suitable for high voltage input scenarios, with high output power.
Application: Special industrial power supply, high-voltage direct current charging station, etc.
Half Bridge and Full Bridge controllers
Principle: Efficient energy conversion is achieved through the combination of multiple switching tubes.
Features: High output power, high control accuracy, suitable for high-precision and high-power applications.
Applications: servo motor drive, high-power LED lighting, etc.
3、 Classified by packaging form
Surface mounted (SOP, QFN, etc.)
Features: Small size, light weight, easy to install and layout.
Application: Space limited application scenarios, such as smartphones, tablets, etc.
Plug in (DIP, TO-220, etc.)
Features: Easy to dissipate heat and maintain, suitable for occasions with high heat dissipation requirements.
Applications: Industrial control, automotive electronics, and other fields.
4、 Classified by application field
Consumer Electronics
Characteristics: Requires miniaturization, low cost, and high efficiency.
Application: Chargers for smartphones, tablets, laptops, and other devices.
Industrial control
Characteristics: High reliability, stability, and strong anti-interference ability are required.
Applications: Industrial automation equipment, motor drivers, sensors, etc.
communication devices
Characteristics: Requires high efficiency, low noise, and high reliability.
Application: Power supply for network devices such as routers, switches, and base stations.
Automotive Electronics
Characteristics: High safety, reliability, high temperature resistance, and vibration resistance are required.
Applications: Navigation systems, entertainment systems, safety systems, etc. in automobiles.
In the field of new energy
Characteristics: Requires high efficiency, high reliability, and long lifespan.
Applications: solar inverters, wind power generation systems, energy storage systems, etc.
